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business vocabulary</li>\n  <li>Make friends with colleagues</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Now, let’s get down to business…in Italian!</p>\n\n\n<h2>Italian business etiquette and culture tips</h2>\n<p>This guide will cover Italian business culture, ranging from what to do to what to say. Before we delve into these details, though, we need to cover perhaps the most important Italian business etiquette tip: <em>formalities</em>. They are generally appreciated in the Italian workplace!</p>\n<h3><strong>When it comes to Italian business culture, there are a few titles you should keep in mind:</strong></h3>\n<h4><strong>Dottore / Dottoressa</strong>:</h4>\n<p>The “doctor” title isn’t just for medical professionals. In Italy, anyone who has a university degree has the title of dottore or dottoressa.</p>\n<h4><strong>Signor / Signora:</strong></h4>\n<p>This is the common “Mr.” or “Ms./Mrs.” formality. You’ll find both of these used throughout this guide. How else should you address these people? Using the formal <em>Lei</em>, of course!</p>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Italian business etiquette</strong></h3>\n<p>In Italian, the “you” form has three options: <em>tu</em> (informal), <em>Lei</em> (formal), <em>voi</em> (plural). And <em>technically</em>, you could even use the <em>Loro </em>(they) form for super-formal situations, but let’s not worry about that for now.</p>\n<p>It’s polite to use the <em>Lei</em> form with people you’ve just met, people who are older than you, or in business interactions. In this article, you’ll see that most of the phrases use the formal <em>Lei</em>. However, if you feel comfortable with someone and want to make the switch to the <em>tu </em>form, you can ask using this format:</p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Dare del tu</td>\n      <td>Speak using the informal “tu”</td>\n      <td>Possiamo <strong>darci del ‘tu’</strong>?</td>\n      <td>Can we speak using the informal ‘you’?</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n<p>Often, the other person will probably agree (<em>Certo!</em>) and you can go on with your conversations using the <em>tu</em> form. But some people may prefer the formalities and say no. So, it’s always important to <em>ask</em> first without assuming.</p>\n","wrapped":false,"hidden":false,"full_width":false,"align_center":false,"join_block_below":false}},{"reusable_blocks":{"reusable_blocks_entry":[{"modular_blocks":[{"call_to_action":{"icon":"UserQuestion","title":"Not Sure Where to Start?","subtitle":"<p>Every situation is different. Answer a few quick questions and we will recommend a next step that fits your goals, with no commitment.</p>","background_color":"Blue","center":true,"join_block_below":false,"primary_button":[{"text":"Get in touch","url":"#maincta"}],"hidden":false}}]}]}},{"content_area":{"content":"\n\n<h3><strong>Italian Business Culture</strong></h3>\n<p>Italian business norms and culture have been gradually changing over the years, especially with the increase of multinational companies’ branches throughout the country. Even so, there are five golden standards that hold true when it comes to Italian business culture. It’s important to note that the following points are <em>generally</em> true, and will of course depend on the culture of a specific company.</p>\n<h4><strong>1. Rapport goes a long way</strong></h4>\n<p>Building rapport is a must if you want to excel at business in Italy. This is true at all stages, starting from the interview process to doing business with clients. If you’re looking for a job in Italy, it’s always a good idea to ask any contacts you have in the country first, instead of just going straight to LinkedIn or a recruitment agency.</p>\n<p>In fact, one Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (ISTAT) <a href=\"https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/214230\" target=\"_blank\">study</a> found that nearly fifty percent of jobs in Italy are landed through personal connections and networking. Although these norms have recently been shifting within younger generations, it’s definitely something to keep in mind when it comes to Italian business culture.<br /><br />For those who are new to Italy (and, as a result, might not have many personal connections), don’t worry! Simply engaging with potential career connections can go a long way. Chit-chat at a networking event is a great first step at building rapport…just make sure to stick to the typical “small talk” topics, without delving into personal matters or politics. With that being said…</p>\n<h4><strong>2. Have a sense of humor!</strong></h4>\n<p>In general, Italian business culture isn’t “all work and no play”. Although there is a general respect for authority and formalities, it’s typical to engage in friendly jokes and banters with long-term colleagues and business associates. It’s also common to grab an <a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/drinks-italian\" target=\"_blank\">aperitivo</a> with colleagues after work and socialize.</p>\n<h4><strong>3. Meetings: </strong><em><strong>Patience</strong></em><strong> makes perfect</strong></h4>\n<p>Have you ever heard the phrase, “This meeting could have been an email?”. Well, don’t expect to hear it that often in Italy. Italian companies generally prefer having frequent meetings - often taking place <em>in presenza</em>, as there’s value placed on sharing feedback and ideas face-to-face. In fact, while COVID-19 introduced “smart working” (working from home) to Italian business culture, most companies still have a preference for working in the office rather than remotely.<br /><br />During meetings, don’t be surprised if the language is direct and to the point. It isn’t uncommon to openly disagree with colleagues (respectfully, of course) and then grab a coffee with them afterwards. Business is business, and for the most part, it’s normal to leave business in the office while maintaining friendships with colleagues when you go home. Remember: life isn’t “all work and no play”!<br /><br />Speaking of patience, don’t always expect meetings in Italy to start on time. Why? Well, one potential reason can be found in our next point…</p>\n<h4><strong>4. There’s always time for coffee</strong></h4>\n<p>Always. Even if you’re running late! Since the <a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/how-to-order-coffee-italian\" target=\"_blank\">coffee culture</a> in Italy is quick and to the point, you can always stop for one caffè to drink <em>al banco </em>and hurry on your way. In fact, my first “culture shock” while working in Italy involved a <em>pausa caffè</em>. It was 11:00 AM, the time that our annual company convention was set to begin… yet everyone was <em>still</em> in line for coffee at the bar across the street.</p>\n<p>Internally, the American side of me was freaking out, but all of the employees (and convention leaders) from different branches enjoyed catching up while waiting for their espresso. The end result? The convention started half an hour late..but it wasn’t a big deal, and everyone was relaxed, happy, and caffeinated. Success!</p>\n<h4><strong>5. Work-Ferragosto balance</strong></h4>\n<p>Ah, Ferragosto, the beautiful holiday time for Italians. Typically, the two middle weeks of August are reserved for holidays, which dates back to the festivals of Emperor Augustus. You may see “chiuso per ferie” (closed for holiday) signs in shops and businesses throughout Italy. Those who work in tourism, however, are likely to work during this time in order to accommodate visiting tourists and travelers.<br /><br />It’s also worth noting that this norm has changed quite a bit. In the past, it was common to see companies close for the entire month of August (or at least remain open for limited hours throughout the month). These days, it’s typical for companies to close for just a week - and in some cases, just on the holiday of Ferragosto itself (August 15th). Some larger companies have adopted a shifts system, where employees will alternate their vacation schedules so that offices can remain open throughout the entire month of August.</p>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Italian business attire</strong></h3>\n<p>Business attire? Business casual? Smart casual? This rule will depend largely on which area of the country you’re in, and which company you work for. It’s impossible to compare dress codes for small start-ups and large multinational law firms, for instance. Generally speaking, though, the best rule of thumb is: <a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/clothes-in-italian\" target=\"_self\">Dress to impress</a>…but don’t overdo it.</p>\n<p><strong>“La bella figura”</strong> is taken very seriously in Italy. It translates to “the beautiful figure”, but what is it, <em>really</em>? Its cultural translation can get complicated, but think of it like this: presenting yourself in the best possible way, in all facets of life.</p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/blt208d9db634467430/647ea5c52fae7e17f153b873/istock-482911701.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" alt=\"Couple dressed to impress in Italian business attire.\" /></p>\n<p>When it comes to business, that means being well-groomed and appropriately dressed. While that doesn’t necessarily mean wearing luxury, name-brand clothing, it also doesn’t mean wearing wrinkled shirts to work. Finding the delicate balance of “smart casual” and “elegant” can be a feat, but it’s definitely attainable for Italians!</p>\n\n\n<h2>Business Italian vocabulary</h2>\n<p>Now that we’ve covered the basics of Italian business culture and attire, it’s time to start learning some helpful business phrases in Italian. The following seven tables will give you a crash course in conducting business in Italian, starting from the networking stage up until making plans with your new colleagues.</p>\n<p>There are just two things to note before we continue:</p>\n<ol>\n  <li>The formal “Lei” tone is used in almost all of the examples. Remember, it’s best to err on the side of caution and use the “Lei” form with business acquaintances.</li>\n  <li>A mix of indefinite and definite articles are used throughout the tables, based on which one is most likely to be used in that specific context. (You can read more about these <a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/definite-indefinite-articles-italian\" target=\"_blank\">here</a>!)</li>\n</ol>\n<p>So get your<em> biglietto di visita </em>out - our first stop is a networking event!</p>\n\n<h3><strong>General Italian business greetings and networking</strong></h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/blt8ca9fbbbc0591a6f/647ea67b95957621cf35efbf/istock-520838986.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" alt=\"General Italian business greetings and networking.\" /></p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Salve</td>\n      <td>Hello (Formal)</td>\n      <td><strong>Salve</strong>, Signora Montessori.</td>\n      <td><strong>Hello</strong>, Mrs. Montessori.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td><a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/good-morning-day-italian\" target=\"_blank\">Buongiorno</a></td>\n      <td>Good morning</td>\n      <td><strong>Buongiorno</strong>, Dottor Cavalli.</td>\n      <td><strong>Good morning</strong>, Dr. Cavalli.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td><a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/good-afternoon-italian\" target=\"_blank\">Buon pomeriggio</a></td>\n      <td>Good afternoon</td>\n      <td><strong>Buon pomeriggio </strong>a tutti.</td>\n      <td><strong>Good afternoon</strong>, everyone.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td><a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/goodnight-evening-italian\" target=\"_blank\">Buonasera</a></td>\n      <td>Good evening</td>\n      <td><strong>Buonasera</strong>, Signora Capaldi.</td>\n      <td><strong>Good evening</strong>, Ms. Capaldi.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Piacere</td>\n      <td>It’s a pleasure.</td>\n      <td><strong>Piacere!</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>It’s a pleasure!</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Piacere di conoscerla</td>\n      <td>Nice to meet you (Formal)</td>\n      <td><strong>Piacere di conoscerla!</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>It’s nice to meet you!</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Mi chiamo… / Sono…</td>\n      <td>My name is…</td>\n      <td><strong>Mi chiamo</strong> Leonardo Rossi.</td>\n      <td><strong>My name is</strong> Leonardo Rossi.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Lavorare (v.)</td>\n      <td>I work for…(verb)</td>\n      <td><strong>Lavoro per </strong>Synergy S.R.L.</td>\n      <td>I work for Synergy Ltd.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Lavoro come…</td>\n      <td>I work as a/an…</td>\n      <td><strong>Lavoro come</strong> dipendente in una agenzia di viaggi.</td>\n      <td>I work as an employee at a travel agency.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Lavoro nel/nella…</td>\n      <td>I work in…</td>\n      <td><strong>Lavoro nel </strong>settore di medicina.</td>\n      <td><strong>I work in</strong> the medical sector.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) mestiere</td>\n      <td>Job / Trade / Craft</td>\n      <td>Che mestiere fa?</td>\n      <td>What’s your job?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Mi occupo di…</td>\n      <td>I handle…</td>\n      <td><strong>Mi occupo</strong> della formazione degli insegnanti.</td>\n      <td><strong>I handle</strong> teacher training.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Faccio il/la…</td>\n      <td>I’m a…</td>\n      <td><strong>Faccio</strong> l’insegnante.</td>\n      <td><strong>I’m</strong> <strong>a</strong> teacher.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la/una) carriera</td>\n      <td>Career</td>\n      <td><strong>La mia carriera</strong> è iniziata 10 anni fa.</td>\n      <td>My career started 10 years ago.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>cercare lavoro</td>\n      <td>To look for a job</td>\n      <td><strong>Sto cercando lavoro</strong> come dipendente in una multinazionale.</td>\n      <td>I’m looking for work in a multinational company.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) settore</td>\n      <td>Industry</td>\n      <td>Lavoro nel <strong>settore di ceramica</strong>.</td>\n      <td>I work in the <strong>ceramics industry.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Dipendente</td>\n      <td>Employee</td>\n      <td>Cerchiamo un nuovo <strong>dipendente</strong>. Conoscete qualcuno?</td>\n      <td>We’re looking for a new <strong>employee</strong>. Do you know anyone?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) Direttore / (la) Direttrice</td>\n      <td>Director</td>\n      <td>Sono <strong>la direttrice</strong> di una scuola di inglese.</td>\n      <td>I’m a <strong>director</strong> of an English school.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Dirigente</td>\n      <td>Manager</td>\n      <td>Sono <strong>un dirigente</strong>.</td>\n      <td>I’m <strong>a manager.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un/una) stagista /tirocinante</td>\n      <td>intern</td>\n      <td>Adesso sono <strong>una stagista</strong>, ma cerco lavoro a tempo pieno.</td>\n      <td>I’m currently <strong>an intern</strong>, but I’m looking for a full-time role.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(uno) stage / (un) tirocinio</td>\n      <td>Internship</td>\n      <td>Ho appena finito<strong> il mio primo tirocinio.</strong></td>\n      <td>I’ve just finished my first internship.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>gestire</td>\n      <td>(To) manage</td>\n      <td>Mi piace <strong>gestire</strong> le persone.</td>\n      <td>I like <strong>managing</strong> people.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(una) società / un’azienda / un'impresa</td>\n      <td>A company</td>\n      <td>Lavoro per <strong>un’impresa </strong>a Roma.</td>\n      <td>I work for a company in Rome.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>un’agenzia</td>\n      <td>An agency (an advertising agency, a copywriting agency, etc.)</td>\n      <td>Abbiamo lavorato con <strong>un’agenzia </strong>di marketing.</td>\n      <td>We’ve worked with a marketing agency.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) ufficio</td>\n      <td>An office</td>\n      <td>Ci stiamo trasferendo in <strong>un nuovo ufficio</strong>.</td>\n      <td>We’re moving to <strong>a new office</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(una) fabbrica</td>\n      <td>A factory</td>\n      <td>Apriamo <strong>una nuova fabbrica</strong> fra due mesi.</td>\n      <td>We’re opening a new factory in two months.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Lavorare in proprio / essere un libero professionista / lavorare freelance</td>\n      <td>Working for yourself / Self-employed / Work as a freelancer</td>\n      <td>Sono un dipendente, ma il mio sogno è di diventare un <strong>libero professionista</strong> un giorno.</td>\n      <td>I’m an employee, but my dream is to one day become self-employed.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) partita iva</td>\n      <td>VAT Code / Company registration number</td>\n      <td>Siccome sono un libero professionista, ho la <strong>partita iva</strong>.</td>\n      <td>Since I’m a freelancer, I have a VAT code.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(gli) affari</td>\n      <td>Business</td>\n      <td><a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/italian-question-words\" target=\"_blank\">Come</a> vanno <strong>gli affari</strong>? / <strong>Gli affari </strong>vanno bene!</td>\n      <td>How’s business? / Business is good!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) biglietto da visita</td>\n      <td>Business card</td>\n      <td>Mi potrebbe dare <a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/italian-possessive-adjectives\" target=\"_blank\">il suo</a> <strong>biglietto da visita?</strong></td>\n      <td>Could you give me your <strong>business card</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) recapito</td>\n      <td>Contact information / phone number</td>\n      <td>Posso avere <strong>un recapito telefonico?</strong></td>\n      <td>Can I have your <strong>contact information (phone number)</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td><a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/goodbye-italian\" target=\"_blank\">Arrivederci</a></td>\n      <td>Goodbye (Neutral / Informal)</td>\n      <td><strong>Arrivederci</strong>, è stato un piacere!</td>\n      <td><strong>Goodbye</strong>, it’s been a pleasure!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Arrivederla</td>\n      <td>Goodbye (Formal)</td>\n      <td><strong>Arrivederla</strong>!</td>\n      <td><strong>Goodbye</strong>!</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Italian business calls</strong></h3>\n<p>Great job networking! It turns out you’ve made a great contact at the event who has mentioned a potential job opportunity at her company. Now, you’d like to call the offices to touch base. The following table has some phrases you’re likely to hear from the receptionist, and some ways to answer.</p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/bltca62a6b448ae3619/647ea82b563789f38885993c/istock-518350128.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" alt=\"Woman on an Italian business call.\" /></p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation (bold the word/phrase)</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Pronto?</td>\n      <td>Hello?</td>\n      <td><strong>Pronto?</strong> Chi parla?</td>\n      <td><strong>Hello? </strong>Who’s speaking?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Chi parla?</td>\n      <td>Who’s speaking?</td>\n      <td>Pronto? <strong>Chi parla?</strong></td>\n      <td>Hello? <strong>Who’s speaking?</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Come posso aiutarla?</td>\n      <td>How can I help you?</td>\n      <td>Salve, <strong>come posso aiutarla?</strong></td>\n      <td>Hello, <strong>how can I help you?</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Potrei parlare con…?</td>\n      <td>Could I speak with…?</td>\n      <td><strong>Potrei parlare con </strong>la<strong> </strong>Dottoressa Spilamberto?</td>\n      <td><strong>Could I speak with</strong> Doctor Spilamberto?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>restare in linea</td>\n      <td>(To) hold</td>\n      <td>Hmm, <strong>resti in linea </strong>per favore.</td>\n      <td>Hmm, <strong>hold please.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>al momento…</td>\n      <td>At the moment</td>\n      <td>Mi dispiace, ma la Dottoressa Spilamberto è occupata <strong>al momento.</strong></td>\n      <td>I’m sorry, but Dr. Spilamberto is busy<strong> at the moment.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(essere) occupato/a</td>\n      <td>(To be) busy</td>\n      <td>Mi dispiace, ma la Dottoressa <strong>è occupata </strong>al momento.</td>\n      <td>I’m sorry, but the doctor <strong>is busy </strong>at the moment.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(essere) disponibile / non disponibile</td>\n      <td>(To be) available / unavailable</td>\n      <td><strong>Sarà</strong> <strong>disponibile</strong> fra un’ora.</td>\n      <td>She’ll <strong>be</strong> <strong>available</strong> in an hour.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(lasciare) un messaggio</td>\n      <td>(To leave) a message</td>\n      <td><strong>Potrei lasciare un messaggio?</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Could I leave a message?</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Mi dica…</td>\n      <td>Please, tell me. / Go ahead. (Formal)</td>\n      <td>Certo.<strong> Mi dica.</strong></td>\n      <td>Sure. <strong>Go ahead.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>ripetere</td>\n      <td>(To) repeat</td>\n      <td>Potrebbe <strong>ripeterlo</strong>, per favore?</td>\n      <td>Could you repeat that, please?</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Italian interviews</strong></h3>\n<p>Your networking and following up has paid off: you’ve landed an interview! Ready to explore some Italian business words you’re likely to hear and use? <a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/good-luck-italian-symbols\" target=\"_blank\">In bocca al lupo</a>!</p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/blteb310f8c419d4316/647ea8dc95957690db35efc3/istock-534799955.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" alt=\"Man has an interview in Italian.\" /></p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation (bold the word/phrase)</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) colloquio (di lavoro)</td>\n      <td>Job Interview</td>\n      <td>Ho <strong>un colloquio di lavoro </strong>domani!</td>\n      <td>I have <strong>a job interview</strong> tomorrow!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) curriculum</td>\n      <td>CV / Resume</td>\n      <td>Abbiamo ricevuto<strong> il suo curriculum</strong>.</td>\n      <td>We’ve received your CV.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(una) lettera di accompagnamento</td>\n      <td>Cover letter</td>\n      <td>Ci ha mandato una <strong>lettera di accompagnamento</strong>?</td>\n      <td>Have you sent us <strong>a cover letter</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>studiare</td>\n      <td>(To) study</td>\n      <td><strong>Ho studiato</strong> medicina all'università.</td>\n      <td><strong>I studied</strong> medicine at university.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) voluntario</td>\n      <td>Volunteer</td>\n      <td>Sono<strong> un volontario</strong> in un canile.</td>\n      <td>I’m <strong>a</strong> <strong>volunteer</strong> at a dog shelter.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(i) requisiti</td>\n      <td>Requirements</td>\n      <td>Ha letto<strong> i requisiti </strong>per questo ruolo?</td>\n      <td>Have you read <strong>the requirements </strong>for this role?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>un annuncio / l’annuncio</td>\n      <td>Job listing</td>\n      <td>Ho visto <strong>l’annuncio</strong> sul vostro sito.</td>\n      <td>I saw <strong>the job listing</strong> on your website.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) posizione</td>\n      <td>The position</td>\n      <td>Sono molto interessato/a <strong>alla posizione.</strong></td>\n      <td>I’m very interested in <strong>the</strong> <strong>position</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>iniziare</td>\n      <td>To start</td>\n      <td>Quando potrebbe <strong>iniziare</strong>?</td>\n      <td>When could you <strong>start</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(i) candidati</td>\n      <td>Job Candidates</td>\n      <td>Abbiamo tanti <strong>candidati</strong> per questo ruolo.</td>\n      <td>We have many <strong>candidates</strong> for the position.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(le) referenze</td>\n      <td>References</td>\n      <td>Abbiamo parlato con <strong>le sue referenze.</strong></td>\n      <td>We’ve spoken with <strong>your references.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(gli) obiettivi professionali</td>\n      <td>Career goals / Professional goals</td>\n      <td>Quali sono i <strong>suoi obiettivi professionali</strong>?</td>\n      <td>What are <strong>your career goals</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(essere) disposto/a a qualcosa</td>\n      <td>To be willing to…(do something)</td>\n      <td><strong>Sono disposto a </strong>viaggiare per lavoro.</td>\n      <td><strong>I’m willing to</strong> travel for work.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(i) pregi / (i) punti di forza / (le) migliori qualità</td>\n      <td>Strengths</td>\n      <td>Quali sono<strong> i suoi pregi</strong>?</td>\n      <td>What are <strong>your</strong> <strong>strengths</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(i) difetti / (i) punti di debolezza</td>\n      <td>Weaknesses</td>\n      <td>Quali sono<strong> i suoi difetti</strong>?</td>\n      <td>What are <strong>your</strong> <strong>weaknesses</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(una) sfida a lavoro</td>\n      <td>A challenge at work</td>\n      <td>Potrebbe spiegare <strong>una sfida</strong> che ha affrontato <strong>al lavoro?</strong></td>\n      <td>Could you talk about <strong>a challenge</strong> that you overcame <strong>at work</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>esperienza lavorativa</td>\n      <td>Work experience</td>\n      <td>Parli un po’ della sua <strong>esperienza lavorativa</strong>.</td>\n      <td>Talk a bit about your <strong>work experience</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un’) offerta</td>\n      <td>An offer</td>\n      <td>Siamo lieti di darle <strong>un’offerta di lavoro</strong>.</td>\n      <td>We’re pleased to extend <strong>a job offer </strong>to you.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>cambiare</td>\n      <td>Change</td>\n      <td>Perché vuole <strong>cambiare</strong> lavoro?</td>\n      <td>Why do you want <strong>to change </strong>jobs?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>sapere</td>\n      <td>Know / Hear about</td>\n      <td>Come <strong>ha saputo </strong>della nostra azienda?</td>\n      <td>How did you <strong>hear about</strong> our company?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(essere) adatta a…</td>\n      <td>(To be) suitable for…</td>\n      <td>Sono <strong>adatta a</strong> questo lavoro perché sono appassionata del settore di fashion.</td>\n      <td><strong>I’m suitable for</strong> this role because I’m passionate about the fashion industry.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>lavorare in gruppo / lavorare da solo/a</td>\n      <td>Working in a team / Working on your own</td>\n      <td>Cerchiamo qualcuno/a che può <strong>lavorare</strong> bene sia <strong>in gruppo </strong>che <strong>da solo/a</strong>.</td>\n      <td>We’re looking for someone who <strong>works well in groups and also on their own.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>assumere</td>\n      <td>(To) hire</td>\n      <td>Dovremmo <strong>assumere</strong> qualcuno il primo possibile.</td>\n      <td>We should <strong>hire</strong> someone as soon as possible.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) welfare aziendale</td>\n      <td>Corporate welfare</td>\n      <td>Il nostro <strong>welfare aziendale </strong>include discount ai viaggi.</td>\n      <td>Our <strong>corporate welfare</strong> includes travel discounts.</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Italian negotiation, contracts, and salary words</strong></h3>\n<p>Complimenti - you got the job! Now, it’s time to explore the wonderful world of contracts and salaries.</p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/blt7cc45b8dd3fd0a9f/647ea9b543a8f13963e5ee66/istock-543665402.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" alt=\"Italian negotiation, contracts, and salary words.\" /></p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation (bold the word/phrase)</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(lo) stipendio / (il) salario</td>\n      <td>Salary</td>\n      <td><strong>Il salario minimo</strong> è…</td>\n      <td><strong>The minimum salary</strong> is…</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) compromesso</td>\n      <td>A compromise</td>\n      <td>Sono sicura che troveremo <strong>un compromesso.</strong></td>\n      <td>I’m sure we’ll find <strong>a compromise</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) trattativa</td>\n      <td>Negotiation</td>\n      <td>Come si è svolta <strong>la</strong> <strong>trattativa</strong>?</td>\n      <td>How did <strong>the negotiation</strong> go?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(le) detrazioni fiscali</td>\n      <td>Payroll deductions</td>\n      <td>Sara, il VP delle Risorse Umane, le spiegherà <strong>le detrazioni fiscali.</strong></td>\n      <td>Sara, the VP of Human Resources, will explain<strong> the payroll deductions</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(le) tasse</td>\n      <td>Taxes</td>\n      <td>Se ha domande<strong> sulle tasse</strong>, chieda pure.</td>\n      <td>If you have questions regarding <strong>taxes</strong>, please ask.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) busta paga</td>\n      <td>The pay slip</td>\n      <td>Riceverà <strong>una busta paga</strong> ogni mese.</td>\n      <td>You’ll receive a <strong>pay slip</strong> every month.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) contratto determinato</td>\n      <td>Fixed-term / temporary contract</td>\n      <td>Lavorerò con<strong> un contratto determinato</strong> per tre mesi.</td>\n      <td>I’ll work with a <strong>fixed-term contract</strong> for three months.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) contratto indeterminato</td>\n      <td>Permanent contract</td>\n      <td>Con la mia esperienza nel settore, vorrei <strong>un contratto indeterminato.</strong></td>\n      <td>With my experience in the sector, I’d like a <strong>permanent contract.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) lavoro stagionale</td>\n      <td>Seasonal work</td>\n      <td>Stiamo cercando qualcuno per un<strong> lavoro stagionale</strong>.</td>\n      <td>We’re looking for someone for a <strong>seasonal job</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(i) turni</td>\n      <td>Shifts</td>\n      <td>Lavoriamo<strong> a turni.</strong></td>\n      <td>We work <strong>in shifts.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) carico di lavoro</td>\n      <td>Workload</td>\n      <td>Il suo <strong>carico di lavoro </strong>sarà più intenso durante l’estate.</td>\n      <td><strong>Your workload</strong> will be more intense during the summer.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(a) tempo pieno</td>\n      <td>Full-time</td>\n      <td>L’anno prossimo potremo assumerlo per un ruolo <strong>a tempo pieno.</strong></td>\n      <td>Next year we can hire him for a full-time position.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) periodo di prova</td>\n      <td>Trial period</td>\n      <td>Il suo <strong>periodo di prova </strong>durerà tre mesi.</td>\n      <td>Your<strong> trial period </strong>will last for three months.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(le) ferie</td>\n      <td>Vacation</td>\n      <td>Questo contratto non include <strong>le ferie.</strong></td>\n      <td>This contract doesn’t include <strong>vacation time</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(un) giorno di malattia / giorni di malattia</td>\n      <td>Sick day(s)</td>\n      <td>Purtroppo dovrò usare <strong>un</strong> <strong>giorno di malattia</strong>. Sono malata.</td>\n      <td>Unfortunately, I need to use <strong>a sick day</strong>. I’m ill.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) formazione</td>\n      <td>Training</td>\n      <td><strong>La formazione</strong> inizia oggi.</td>\n      <td><strong>Training</strong> begins today.</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Italian business meetings words and phrases to master</strong></h3>\n<p>Now that you’re an official employee, it’s time to go to your first meeting. Make sure to grab a coffee beforehand!</p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/blt900cc33b2684c59d/647eaa5246cddd73d3ea0a4a/istock-557608419.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" alt=\"Italian business meetings words and phrases to master.\" /></p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation (bold the word/phrase)</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Benvenuti</td>\n      <td>Welcome</td>\n      <td><strong>Benvenuti</strong> a tutti!</td>\n      <td><strong>Welcome</strong>, everyone!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Scusate il ritardo!</td>\n      <td>Apologies for the delay!</td>\n      <td><strong>Scusate il ritardo</strong>! C’era un incidente stradale.</td>\n      <td><strong>Apologies for the delay</strong>! There was a traffic accident.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) riunione</td>\n      <td>Meeting</td>\n      <td><strong>La riunione</strong> inizia alle 9:00.</td>\n      <td><strong>The meeting</strong> starts at 9:00 AM.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) presentazione</td>\n      <td>Presentation</td>\n      <td>Simona ha creato questa bellissima <strong>presentazione</strong>. Grazie!</td>\n      <td>Simona created this beautiful <strong>presentation</strong>. Thank you!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Fissare una riunione</td>\n      <td>Set the date for a meeting</td>\n      <td><strong>Fissiamo</strong> la prossima <strong>riunione</strong>?</td>\n      <td>Should we <strong>set the date for the next meeting</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Cominciare</td>\n      <td>Begin</td>\n      <td>Chi vuole <strong>cominciare</strong>?</td>\n      <td>Who wants to <strong>begin</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>l’agenda</td>\n      <td>The agenda</td>\n      <td>Ecco <strong>l’agenda</strong> per questa riunione.</td>\n      <td>Here’s <strong>the</strong> <strong>agenda</strong> for this meeting.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Condividere</td>\n      <td>Share</td>\n      <td>Adesso <strong>condivido</strong> il mio schermo…riuscite a vederlo?</td>\n      <td>I’ll <strong>share</strong> my screen now…can you all see it?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Suggerire</td>\n      <td>Suggest</td>\n      <td>Vorrei <strong>suggerire</strong> qualcosa…</td>\n      <td>I’d like to <strong>suggest</strong> something…</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) scadenza</td>\n      <td>The deadline</td>\n      <td><strong>La scadenza</strong> è fra una settimana.</td>\n      <td><strong>The</strong> <strong>deadline</strong> is in a week.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) budget</td>\n      <td>The budget</td>\n      <td><strong>Il nostro budget </strong>non è ampio come quello dell’anno scorso.</td>\n      <td>Our budget isn’t as big as last year’s.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Sono d’accordo / Non sono d’accordo</td>\n      <td>I agree / I disagree</td>\n      <td><strong>Sono</strong> completamente <strong>d’accordo</strong>. / Purtroppo, <strong>non sono d’accordo</strong>. Ecco perche…</td>\n      <td><strong>I</strong> completely <strong>agree</strong>. / Unfortunately, <strong>I disagree</strong>. Here’s why…</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) compito / l’incarico</td>\n      <td>Task</td>\n      <td><strong>L’incarico</strong> è di Sara.</td>\n      <td>It’s Sara’s <strong>task</strong>.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>L’obiettivo</td>\n      <td>Objective</td>\n      <td><strong>L'obiettivo</strong> è di vendere 100,000 borse.</td>\n      <td><strong>The objective</strong> is to sell 100,000 bags.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Ottimo lavoro!</td>\n      <td>Great job! / Great work!</td>\n      <td><strong>Ottimo lavoro</strong> di squadra!</td>\n      <td><strong>Great</strong> team<strong>work</strong>!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Buon lavoro!</td>\n      <td>Have a good work day!</td>\n      <td>La riunione è finita.<strong> Buon lavoro</strong>!</td>\n      <td>The meeting is finished. Have a <strong>good</strong> rest of your <strong>work day</strong>!</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Business writing vocabulary</strong></h3>\n<p>A colleague has asked you to send an email to a client. Here are some helpful Italian business words to help you out.</p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/blt2384e5599d023b09/647eab0b68eee59492a671af/istock-598154358.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" alt=\"Woman typing a business letter in Italian.\" /></p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation (bold the word/phrase)</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(una) mail</td>\n      <td>(An) e-mail</td>\n      <td>Mi mandi tutto in <strong>una mail</strong> per favore?</td>\n      <td>Could you send all of this to me in<strong> an email</strong>, please?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>e-mail / l’indirizzo e-mail</td>\n      <td>Email address</td>\n      <td>Potrei avere il suo <strong>indirizzo e-mail</strong>? / Potrei avere<strong> sua e-mail</strong>?</td>\n      <td>Could I have your <strong>email address</strong>? / Could I have your <strong>email</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>chiocciola</td>\n      <td>At (@)</td>\n      <td>La mia mail è cisco123, <strong>chiocciola (@)…</strong></td>\n      <td>My email is cisco123 <strong>at (@)...</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>punto</td>\n      <td>Dot</td>\n      <td>La mia mail è cisco123, chiocciola, gmail <strong>punto (.) </strong>com.</td>\n      <td>My email is cisco123 at gmail <strong>dot (.)</strong> com.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) destinatario</td>\n      <td>The recipient</td>\n      <td>Chi è<strong> il destinatario</strong>?</td>\n      <td>Who is the recipient?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) mittente</td>\n      <td>The sender</td>\n      <td>Io sono <strong>il mittente</strong>.</td>\n      <td>I’m the sender.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>L’oggetto</td>\n      <td>The subject</td>\n      <td>Che scrivo <strong>nell'oggetto</strong>?</td>\n      <td>What do I write for <strong>the subject</strong>?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(il) corpo della mail</td>\n      <td>The body of the email</td>\n      <td>Spiego tutto <strong>nel corpo della mail.</strong></td>\n      <td>I explain everything <strong>in the body of the email.</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>L’allegato</td>\n      <td>The attachment</td>\n      <td>Ho dimenticato<strong> l’allegato</strong>!</td>\n      <td>I forgot <strong>the</strong> <strong>attachment</strong>!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>In allegato…</td>\n      <td>Attached…</td>\n      <td><strong>In allegato</strong> troverà la nostra fattura.</td>\n      <td><strong>Attached</strong> you will find our invoice.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Gentile</td>\n      <td>Dear</td>\n      <td><strong>Gentile</strong> Signor Ronchini</td>\n      <td><strong>Dear</strong> Mr. Ronchini</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Egregio</td>\n      <td>Dear (Formal)</td>\n      <td><strong>Egregio</strong> Dottore Marchi</td>\n      <td><strong>Dear</strong> Doctor Marchi</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Spettabile</td>\n      <td>Dear (Formal - used for companies)</td>\n      <td><strong>Spettabile</strong> Gruxis S.P.A</td>\n      <td><strong>Dear</strong> Gruxis Enterprises</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Distinti saluti</td>\n      <td>Sincerely</td>\n      <td><strong>Distinti saluti,</strong><br />Clara Toschi</td>\n      <td><strong>Sincerely</strong>,<br />Clara Toschi</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Cordiali saluti</td>\n      <td>Best regards</td>\n      <td><strong>Cordiali saluti,</strong><br />Clara Toschi</td>\n      <td><strong>Best regards</strong>,<br />Clara Toschi</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>In attesa di un suo riscontro</td>\n      <td>Looking forward to hearing from you. / Looking forward to your feedback.</td>\n      <td><strong>In attesa di un suo riscontro.</strong><br /><br />Cordiali Saluti</td>\n      <td><strong>Looking forward to hearing from you.</strong><br /><br />Best regards.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>La ringrazio.</td>\n      <td>Thank you (Formal)</td>\n      <td><strong>La ringrazio</strong> tanto.</td>\n      <td>Thank you very much.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td><a href=\"https://www.berlitz.com/blog/thank-you-welcome-italian\" target=\"_self\">Grazie.</a> A presto!</td>\n      <td>Thank you, see you soon! (Informal)</td>\n      <td><strong>Grazie</strong> per tutto. <strong>A presto!</strong></td>\n      <td>Thanks for everything. See you soon!</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Chit-chat with colleagues</strong></h3>\n<p>We’ve saved the best for last: small talk and making connections with colleagues. Whether the printer isn’t working, or you want to take a break, here are some phrases you’re bound to use in the office.</p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/bltbbdbf02f5cc5c1f9/647eabfa829de3d9d9ceed7a/istock-612027416.jpeg?auto=webp&amp;format=pjpg&amp;quality=80&amp;\" height=\"auto\" alt=\"Young interns having a chit-chat.\" /></p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation (bold the word/phrase)</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian example sentence</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(la) collega / (le) colleghe / (i) colleghi</td>\n      <td>Colleague / colleagues</td>\n      <td><strong>I miei colleghi </strong>sono simpatici.</td>\n      <td><strong>My colleagues </strong>are nice.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>prendere un…</td>\n      <td>Have a…</td>\n      <td>Volete <strong>prendere</strong> un caffè?</td>\n      <td>Would you like to<strong> have a</strong> coffee?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>(una) pausa</td>\n      <td>Break</td>\n      <td>Dai, prendiamo <strong>una pausa</strong>!</td>\n      <td>Come on, let’s take <strong>a</strong> <strong>break</strong>!</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Avere un problema…</td>\n      <td>To have a problem…</td>\n      <td>Ho <strong>un problema</strong> con il mio telefono. Mi potresti aiutare?</td>\n      <td><strong>I have a problem</strong> with my telephone. Could you help me?</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Ho bisogno di…</td>\n      <td>I need…</td>\n      <td><strong>Ho bisogno di </strong>aiuto con la stampante.</td>\n      <td><strong>I need some</strong> help with the printer.</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>chiedere un favore</td>\n      <td>(To) ask a favor</td>\n      <td><strong>Potrei chiedere</strong> un favore?</td>\n      <td><strong>Could I ask</strong> for a favor?</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h3><strong>Other industry-specific vocabularies</strong></h3>\n<p>To close out this guide, we’ve included a few common job titles based on their industry. Enjoy!</p>\n<table>\n  <tbody>\n    <tr>\n      <td><strong>Industry</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>Italian</strong></td>\n      <td><strong>English translation (bold the word/phrase)</strong></td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Sales</td>\n      <td>(il / la) rappresentante</td>\n      <td>Sales Representative</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Sales</td>\n      <td>(il) commesso / (la) commessa</td>\n      <td>Cashier</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Accounting</td>\n      <td>(il / la) commercialista</td>\n      <td>Accountant</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Accounting</td>\n      <td>(il / la) contabile</td>\n      <td>Bookkeeper</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Accounting</td>\n      <td>(il) notaio / (la) notaia</td>\n      <td>Notary</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Legal</td>\n      <td>l’avvocato / l’avvocata</td>\n      <td>Lawyer/Attorney</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Legal</td>\n      <td>(il) giudice / (la) giudice</td>\n      <td>Judge/Magistrate</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Legal</td>\n      <td>(il) pubblico ministero / (la) pubblico ministero</td>\n      <td>Prime minister</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Teaching</td>\n      <td>l’insegnante (m/f)</td>\n      <td>Teacher / Instructor (usually up until high school)</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Teaching</td>\n      <td>(il) professore / (la) professoressa</td>\n      <td>Teacher / Professor (high school and university)</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Teaching</td>\n      <td>l’educatore / L’educatrice</td>\n      <td>Educator / Instructor</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Teaching</td>\n      <td>(il) preside</td>\n      <td>Principal</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Healthcare</td>\n      <td>(il) dottore / (la) dottoressa</td>\n      <td>Doctor</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Healthcare</td>\n      <td>l’infermiere / l’infermiera</td>\n      <td>Nurse</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Healthcare</td>\n      <td>(il) chirurgo / (la) chirurga</td>\n      <td>Surgeon</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Healthcare</td>\n      <td>(il / la) dentista</td>\n      <td>Dentist</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Tourism</td>\n      <td>l’agente di viaggi (m/f)</td>\n      <td>Travel agent</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Tourism</td>\n      <td>(la) guida turistica</td>\n      <td>Travel guide</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Food/Service Industry</td>\n      <td>(il) ristoratore / (la) ristoratrice</td>\n      <td>Restaurant owner</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Food/Service Industry</td>\n      <td>(il) cuoco / (la) cuoca</td>\n      <td>Chef</td>\n    </tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td>Food/Service Industry</td>\n      <td>(il) cameriere / (la) cameriera</td>\n      <td>Waiter/Waitress</td>\n    </tr>\n  </tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n<h2><em>Buon lavoro!</em></h2>\n<p>And just like that, our work day has come to an end! But that doesn’t mean you can’t keep learning about Italian language and culture. 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teams"},{"uid":"blt8bde058702d6cb3b","value":"/blog/culture-insight-inclusion-and-community-on-diverse-and-dispersed-teams","label":"Culture insight: inclusion and community on diverse and dispersed teams"},{"uid":"blt69b884e9465044cf","value":"/blog/serving-yourself-a-drink-in-japan","label":"Cultural don'ts: Serving yourself a drink in Japan"},{"uid":"bltecccab0a8d7ab4fe","value":"/blog/characteristics-of-high-performance-multicultural-teams","label":"Characteristics of high-performance multicultural teams"},{"uid":"blt512b83300f9c19d7","value":"/blog/culture-insight-a-business-case-for-diversity","label":"Culture insight: a business case for diversity"},{"uid":"bltbbadccdbcda768bc","value":"/blog/why-learn-a-new-language-sports","label":"Why learn a new language: Sports"}],"contentType":"blog_posts","id":"893bcc2d-77d1-5097-922b-339c359ca444","uid":"bltf3812988a5a02e41","publish_details":{"locale":"en-us"},"date":"2023-06-06","date_modified":null,"modified_date_text":"","tags":["hreflang-blog-business-italian"],"post_content":"<p id=\"ai-summary\">Business Italian refers to the professional language skills, cultural knowledge, and workplace etiquette needed to succeed in Italian business environments. It encompasses formal vocabulary, proper forms of address, and understanding the cultural norms that shape professional relationships in Italy.</p>\n<h3>Key Takeaways</h3>\n<p>• Formality matters: Use the formal \"Lei\" form and professional titles (Dottore/Dottoressa, Signor/Signora) until invited to use informal address<br />\n• Relationships drive business: Nearly 50% of jobs in Italy are found through personal connections and networking<br />\n• La bella figura: Presenting yourself well in appearance and conduct is essential in Italian professional culture<br />\n• Patience in meetings: Expect longer, face-to-face meetings where direct discussion and even respectful disagreement are normal<br />\n• Coffee culture is sacred: The pausa caffè is an important social ritual, even if it means starting late<br />\n• August means holidays: Ferragosto (mid-August) often means reduced business operations or closures<br />\n• Regional differences exist: Northern Italy tends toward stricter punctuality, while Southern Italy may be more flexible</p>","image":{"description":null,"url":"https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/bltacc1a01c4d280f24/bltd23b80538c02f7e5/647e9cdd2b5e6270f6846818/istock-1190412334-2.jpeg"},"seo":[{"meta_description":"Explore Italian workplace culture, etiquette, greetings and practical phrases with an Italian business dictionary for calls, meetings and emails.","meta_title":"Business Italian: Culture, Etiquette & Phrases | Berlitz USA","no_follow":false,"no_index":false,"canonical":""}],"author":[{"author_name":"Tinamaria Colaizzi","author_type":"Person","profile_image":null,"author_link":{"href":""},"social_link":[]}],"editor":[],"category":[{"url":"/blog","title":"All"},{"url":"/blog/italian","title":"Italian"},{"url":"/blog/business","title":"Business"}],"page_parent":[{"url":"/blog","uid":"bltd6b236896e9ea7d6","title":"All"}],"related_articles":[]}},"staticQueryHashes":["1271460761","1503605387","1590406072","2094563343","2095697357","2255537454","2791933573","692030627","844383502"]}